For beginners, CFD is all about solving fluid flow and heat transfer problems. At later stage CFD might be used for multiphase flows, chemical reactions etc., but the start point is fluid flow and heat transfer problems. CFD software always gives some sort of results. It is CFD engineer’s responsibility to interpret if the results are correct or wrong. To do this correctly, one must have good idea about fluid dynamics and heat transfer physics. In my opinion, CFD just validates one’s thinking with more insights and accurate data. If your thinking and understanding of physics not correct at the first place, CFD results might not be useful to you. To make sure that you have visualized the behaviour of fluid or heat flow in a particular device before you do CFD, you should have very strong fundamentals of fluid dynamics and heat transfer subjects. You also need to learn these subjects so as to understand the underlying equations for CFD.
So the first stage of learning is clearing required fundamentals of fluid mechanics and heat transfer. It is expected that one has already crossed this milestone during academics. But let’s not assume that here. I strongly recommend to go through these subjects once more before starting journey in CFD.